He Zizhen (1910 - 1984)

He Zizhen was born in Yunshan (云山, now Yongxin County), Jiangxi, during Qing Dynasty China and joined the Communist Youth League in 1925. She graduated from the Yongxin Girls’ School and joined the Communist Party of China in 1926. He Zizhen was introduced to Mao Zedong at Jinggangshan by Yuan Wencai, a classmate of her elder […]

Chen Boda (1904 - 1989)

In 1951, Chen Boda wrote an article with the title Mao Zedong’s theory of the Chinese Revolution is the combination of Marxism-Leninism with the Chinese Revolution and a book entitled Mao Zedong on the Chinese Revolution. These works made him one of the most important interpreters of Mao Zedong’s thoughts, and in the 1950s he […]

Jiang Qing (1914 - 1991)

Jiang Qing (Chinese: 江青; Wade–Giles: Chiang Ch’ing, March 19, 1914 – May 14, 1991) was a Chinese actress and a major political figure during the Cultural Revolution (1966–76). She was the fourth wife of Mao Zedong, the Chairman of the Communist Party and Paramount leader of China. She used the stage name Lan Ping (蓝苹) […]

Lin Biao (1907 - 1971)

Lin Biao (Chinese: 林彪; December 5, 1907 – September 13, 1971) was a Marshal of the People’s Republic of China who was pivotal in the Communist victory in the Chinese Civil War, especially in Northeast China. Lin was the general who commanded the decisive Liaoshen and Pingjin Campaigns, in which he co-led the Manchurian Field […]

Anna Hall Roosevelt (1863 - 1892)

Anna Hall Roosevelt was born on March 17, 1863. She was the eldest of seven children born to Valentine Gill Hall Jr. (1834–1880) and Mary Livingston Ludlow (1843–1919) of the Livingston family. Their marriage “…united a member of a prominent New York merchantile family with Hudson River gentry”. Anna was born in New York City. Her […]

Bamie Roosevelt (1855 - 1931)

Bamie Roosevelt was born in a brownstone home at 28 East 20th Street in New York City on January 18, 1855. She was the eldest child of businessman/philanthropist Theodore “Thee” Roosevelt (1831—1878) and socialite Martha Stewart “Mittie” Bulloch (1835—1884). In addition to brother Theodore Jr. (T.R.) (1858—1919), Bamie’s siblings were socialite Elliott Bulloch Roosevelt (1860—1894) […]

Elliott Bulloch Roosevelt (1860 - 1894)

Elliott Bulloch Roosevelt was the third of the four children of Theodore Roosevelt Sr. (1831–1878) and Martha Stewart “Mittie” Bulloch (1835–1884). In addition to elder brother Theodore Jr., he had a younger sister named Corinne (1861–1933) and an elder sister named Anna (1855–1931), who was known as “Bamie”. Mittie’s brothers Irvine (1842–1898) and James (1823–1901) […]

John Aspinwall Roosevelt (1916 - 1981)

After the war, John Aspinwall Roosevelt pursued a business career in California as the Regional Merchandising Manager for Grayson & Robertson Stores in Los Angeles. In 1953, he became a partner in a Beverly Hills financial company but left shortly thereafter to take up residence in the family compound in Hyde Park. Unlike his siblings, Roosevelt […]

Sara Roosevelt (1854 - 1941)

After many suitors, Sara married James Roosevelt I in 1880. Two years later, she gave birth to a son, Franklin Delano Roosevelt on January 30, 1882. After the birth of her son, doctors advised Sara not to have any more children, and thus the young Franklin became the focus of her attention. Sara Roosevelt was […]

Grace Tully (1900 - 1984)

Grace Tully (9 August 1900 – 15 June 1984) was private secretary to U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR). Grace Tully was born on 9 August 1900 in Bayonne, New Jersey. Her father was a businessman and a loyalist to the Democratic Party. He died when she was young, and Tully and her two sisters and […]

Winthrop Rutherfurd (1862 - 1944)

Winthrop Chanler Rutherfurd (February 4, 1862 – March 19, 1944) was an American socialite from New York, best known for his romance with Consuelo Vanderbilt and his marriage to Lucy Mercer, mistress to American President Franklin D. Roosevelt. Winthrop Rutherfurd was a direct descendant of Peter Stuyvesant, the last Dutch Director-General of New Netherland before it […]

Jean Gordon (1915 - 1946)

Jean Gordon’s mother, Louise Raynor Ayer, daughter of Boston industrialist Frederick Ayer, was a half-sister of Patton’s wife Beatrice. Her father Gordon, a well-known Boston lawyer, died of leukemia when she was eight years old. The same age as Patton’s younger daughter Ruth Ellen and her best friend, Jean spent many of her vacations with […]

Nan Britton (1896 - 1991)

Born in Marion, Ohio, Nan Britton developed an obsession with Harding, who was a friend of her father. As a young girl, her bedroom walls were covered with Harding’s pictures from local papers and magazines. While not even 16 years old, she would loiter near his Marion Daily Star building in Marion, hoping to see […]

George Pillsbury (1816 - 1898)

George Pillsbury was born in Sutton, New Hampshire in 1816 to John Pillsbury and Susan Pillsbury (née Wadleigh). Both were the descendants of English settlers who had been active political and civic leaders in New England. Pillsbury attended the local schools until the age of 18 when he moved to Boston, Massachusetts to work as […]

John Pillsbury (1827 - 1901)

John Pillsbury was born in Sutton, New Hampshire of English descent, the son of John and Susan (Wadleigh) Pillsbury. He was a descendant of Joshua Pillsbury, who emigrated from England to Newburyport, Massachusetts in 1640. In 1851, he opened a store in Warner, New Hampshire, partnering with Walter Harriman, a future Governor of New Hampshire […]

P. T. Barnum (1810 - 1891)

Phineas Taylor “P. T.” Barnum (July 5, 1810 – April 7, 1891) was an American politician, showman, and businessman remembered for promoting celebrated hoaxes and for founding the Barnum & Bailey Circus. Although Barnum was also an author, publisher, philanthropist, and for some time a politician, he said of himself, “I am a showman by […]

Charles Pillsbury (1842 - 1899)

Charles Pillsbury was drawn to business in Minneapolis after experiencing and observing the commercial interests in Montreal, which processed grain from the west. Pillsbury’s uncle, John S. Pillsbury, had settled at the Falls of St. Anthony at Minneapolis in 1855; in 1869, Charles Pillsbury moved to the growing city of Mineapolis and established his flour […]

Erastus Wiman (1834 - 1834)

Erastus Wiman was born in Churchville, Upper Canada (now part of Ontario) on April 21, 1834. Wiman’s first job was at the North American in Toronto (not to be confused with the Philadelphia-based paper) at age 16, as an apprentice printer for a salary of $1.50 a week. After four years, he worked as a reporter […]

Thaddeus Stevens (1792 - 1868)

Thaddeus Stevens (April 4, 1792 – August 11, 1868) was a member of the United States House of Representatives from Pennsylvania and one of the leaders of the Radical Republican faction of the Republican Party during the 1860s. A fierce opponent of slavery and discrimination against African-Americans, Stevens sought to secure their rights during Reconstruction, […]

Butler Ames (1871 - 1954)

Butler Ames (August 22, 1871 – November 6, 1954) was an American politician, engineer, soldier and businessman. He was the son of Adelbert Ames and grandson of Benjamin Franklin Butler, both decorated generals in the Union Army during the American Civil War. Born in Lowell, Massachusetts, Ames attended the public schools and Phillips Exeter Academy, in […]

Benjamin Butler (1795 - 1858)

Benjamin  was the son of Medad Butler and Hannah Butler (née Tylee), of Kinderhook Landing, in Columbia County, New York. He studied at Hudson Academy in Hudson, New York, and read law with Martin Van Buren, whose son John Van Buren later read law with Butler. Butler was admitted to the bar in 1817, and became […]

Roger Hoar (1887 - 1963)

The Harvard-educated Roger Hoar was the product of a New England family—the son of Sherman Hoar, grandson of former US Attorney General Ebenezer Rockwood Hoar, great-grandson of Samuel Hoar, and great-great grandson of American founding father Roger Sherman, a signer of the Declaration of Independence. Born in Waltham, Massachusetts, Roger Hoar received his bachelor’s degree from […]

George Hoar (1826 - 1904)

George Hoar graduated from Harvard University in 1846, then studied at Harvard Law School and settled in Worcester, Massachusetts where he practiced law before entering politics. Initially a member of the Free Soil Party, he joined the Republican Party shortly after its founding, and was elected to the Massachusetts House of Representatives (1852), and the […]

Sherman Hoar (1860 - 1898)

Sherman Hoar (July 30, 1860 – October 7, 1898), was an American lawyer, member of Congress representing Massachusetts, and U.S. District Attorney for Massachusetts. As a young man he acted as model for the head of the John Harvard statue now in the Harvard Yard. Hoar graduated from Harvard College in 1882 and Harvard Law School […]

Ebenezer Hoar (1816 - 1895)

Ebenezer Rockwood Hoar (February 21, 1816 – January 31, 1895) was an American politician, lawyer, and justice from Massachusetts. He was appointed U.S. Attorney General in 1869 by President Ulysses S. Grant; he became the first U.S. Attorney General to head the newly created Department of Justice in July 1870. As Attorney General Hoar worked […]

Martha Beall Mitchell (1918 - 1976)

Born in Pine Bluff, Arkansas, to cotton broker George V. Beall and teacher Arie Beall (née Ferguson), Martha Beall Mitchell graduated from Pine Bluff High School in 1937, She attended Stephens College in Columbia, Missouri, the University of Arkansas at Fayetteville and the University of Miami, from which she received a BA in history. She […]

Hugh Legaré (1797 - 1843)

Hugh Legaré was born in Charleston, South Carolina, of Huguenot and Scottish ancestry. Partly due to his inability to share in the amusements of his fellows as a result of a deformity due to a vaccine poisoning suffered before he was five (the poison permanently arresting the growth and development of his legs), Legaré was an […]

George Wickersham (1858 - 1936)

George Woodward Wickersham (September 19, 1858 – January 25, 1936) was an American lawyer and Presidential Cabinet Secretary. He was the father of Cornelius Wendell Wickersham, US Army Brigadier General and Lawyer. Born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, George Wickersham graduated from the University of Pennsylvania. In 1883, Wickersham entered the old law firm of Strong and Cadwalader, and […]

James McGranery (1895 - 1962)

James Patrick McGranery (July 8, 1895 – December 23, 1962) was an American lawyer and politician. He served as the United States Attorney General during the Truman administration from April 4, 1952 until January 20, 1953. James McGranery was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, the son of Patrick McGranery, and Bridget (née Gallagher). McGranery served in World […]

Henry Gilpin (1801 - 1860)

Henry Dilworth Gilpin (April 14, 1801 – January 29, 1860) was an American lawyer and statesman of Quaker extraction who served as Attorney General of the United States under President Martin Van Buren. Henry Gilpin was the son of Joshua Gilpin and Mary Dilworth, and was born in Lancaster, England, just before his parents returned to […]