Artist.  A philosophy student with no formal art training,  he became a founder of the Dada and Surrealist movements.  Ernst pioneered the graphic novel with his book “The Woman with 100 Breasts” (1929),  a strange narrative consisting entirely of collages.  He also developed a technique he called “frottage”,  using paint,  charcoal,  and pencil rubbings over different surfaces to achieve unusual textures.  His mature paintings,  including “Europe after the Rain” (1942) and “The Temptation of St. Anthony” (1944),  depict dense,  prehistoric landscapes peopled with mythical figures.  Ernst was born in Bruhl,  Germany.  After serving in the German Army during World War I he founded the Cologne branch of Dada,  and settled in Paris in 1922.  Among his activities with the Surrealists was an appearance as an actor in Luis Bunuel’s film “The Golden Age” (1930).  At the outbreak of World War II Ernst was imprisoned as an enemy alien.  He lived in the United States from 1941 to 1953,  then returned to Paris.  For the last 30 years of his life he was married to artist Dorothea Tanning. He was previously married to American art patron Peggy Guggenheim. (bio by: Bobb Edwards)  Family links:  Spouse:  Dorothea Tanning (1910 – 2012)* *Calculated relationship