In 1961, Juan Benet published You Will Never Amount to Anything (Nunca llegarás a nada), his first novel. In 1966, he returned to Madrid, and in 1968 he published Return to Región (Volverás a Región), at the same time that he built the reservoir of Porma. There were already those qualifying the work of Benet as “incorrect literature,” and only a few contemporary authors, such as Pere Gimferrer, who realized that one of the great authors of the Spanish narrative had been born. In 1967, Benet obtained the Biblioteca Breve Prize for his work, A meditation (Una meditación). He wrote Inspiration and style (La inspiración y el estilo), an essay where he expounded his strong beliefs on art and literature, an art that is fundamentally about style more than about telling stories or making arguments. His literary output increased between 1970 and 1973, as he published A meditation, A Winter Journey (Un viaje de invierno, completing the trilogy that began with Return to Región), Puerta de tierra, Teatro, and Una tumba, La otra casa de Mazón and Sub rosa.

In 1974, his wife, Nuria Jordana, died, causing an involuntary break in Juan Benet’s works and in his personal relationships. More introverted than ever, Benet didn’t publish another work until 1976’s What Was the Civil War (Qué fue la guerra civil). Until the 1980s he would travel extensively, including trips to China and to various conferences in the United States. In 1980, he published one of his greatest works, Saul Before Samuel (Saúl ante Samuel), a complex work that critics called brilliant. He was a finalist for the Planeta Prize in 1980 with his work El aire de un crimen, losing to Volaverunt by Antonio Larreta. Three years after, the first volume of Rusty lances (Herrumbrosas lanzas), which he continued in 1985 and 1986. While he was building his own engineering firm, he published the novel In the Penumbra (En la penumbra) in 1989. In 1990 and 1991, he published his final two works, the essay The Construction of the Tower of Babel (La construcción de la torre de Babel) and The Knight of Saxony (El caballero de Sajonia). He left the fourth volume of Rusty Lances unfinished at his death on January 5, 1993.