German novelist, essayist, sociologist and playwright. He won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1981. He was born in Russe, Bulgaria. He spoke several languages, including Bulgarian, German, Spanish and English. He worked as a translator, he was the German translator of Upton Sinclair’s works. From 1916 he studied in Zurich, and produced his first literary work, a verse play, “Junius Brutus”. After that his novel about the human madness, “Die Blendungen” was published. He wrote also essays, about authors such as Kafka or Heinrich Böll. His main work is Crowds and Power (1960). (bio by: Apats)