Anneliese Rothenberger was born in Mannheim, Germany. She studied with Erika Müller, and took up her first engagement in Koblenz in 1943. In 1947, Günther Rennert offered her a job at the Hamburg Opera House, where she sang in Rennert’s now famous production of Alban Berg’s Lulu twenty years later, a role she would also perform at the Munich Opera Festival, under the direction of Christoph von Dohnányi.[citation needed] 1954 saw her make her debut at the Salzburg Festival, and she appeared in Rolf Liebermann’s Schule der Frauen, three years later. From 1954, she became a guest singer at the Vienna State Opera. New York City audiences had their first chance to hear the soprano’s fine voice in 1960, when she sang there in Der Rosenkavalier. Her performance prompted Lotte Lehmann to call her ‘the best Sophie in the world’. Herbert von Karajan chose her to appear alongside Elisabeth Schwarzkopf and Sena Jurinac for the filmed performance of Der Rosenkavalier at the Salzburg Festival. Having favoured light and high-register lyric parts in the beginning of her career, by the mid-1960s she changed to roles with a stronger dramatic emphasis, including Konstanze in Mozart’s Die Entführung aus dem Serail (for example 1965 with Fritz Wunderlich in the now legendary Salzburg Festival production staged by Giorgio Strehler and designed by Luciano Damiani), Fiordiligi in Così fan tutte, Zdenka in Richard Strauss’s Arabella, Marie in Berg’s Wozzeck, Soeur Constance in Poulenc’s Dialogues of the Carmelites, and Violetta in La traviata on stage. She also appeared in many contemporary operas by Henze, Britten, Hindemith, Carl Orff, Pfitzner, and Menotti. In the 1970s, she became a popular television personality. She retired in 1983. When her husband died after 45 years of marriage in 1999, she settled on Lake Constance in Switzerland. In 2003, she received the ECHO Award for lifetime achievement. She wrote an autobiography in 1973: Melodie meines Lebens. Anneliese Rothenberger died in May 2010 in Münsterlingen, Switzerland, aged 85. The Anneliese Rothenberger rose (aka Oregold rose) is named after her.